Who was the influential Austrian theorist and painter known for innovations in music?

The influential Austrian theorist and painter known for innovations in music is Schoenberg. He is renowned for developing the twelve-tone technique, which revolutionized the way composers approached harmony and melody. This technique was a departure from traditional tonal frameworks and allowed for a new level of expression in music. Beyond his contributions to composition, Schoenberg's theoretical writings have had a significant impact on music education and analysis, making him a pivotal figure in 20th-century music.

His work not only advanced musical structures but also influenced various movements in the arts, aligning with the modernist ideals of breaking away from classical traditions. This insight into Schoenberg’s dual role as both a theorist and painter underscores the interdisciplinary connections between music and visual arts during that era, marking him as a truly innovative force in the music world.