The evolution of sacred music during the Middle Ages was influenced by the development of which style?

The development of sacred music during the Middle Ages was significantly influenced by Organum, which is the correct answer. Organum represents one of the earliest forms of polyphony, where additional melodic lines were added to pre-existing Gregorian chant melodies. This practice emerged in the context of the liturgical settings of the Church as composers began to explore harmonizing elements, thus enriching the texture and overall sound of sacred music.

Organum transformed the musical landscape of the time, providing a framework for more complex compositions and eventually leading to further innovations in polyphonic music. Its evolution showcases how sacred music was not static but rather a dynamic and evolving art form that reflected the musical practices and theories of the era.

While Gregorian chant laid the foundational melodies for sacred music and played a crucial role during the early Middle Ages, its singular nature as monophony limits its influence compared to the more developed polyphonic structure of Organum. Secular songs and instrumental ensembles, while part of the broader music scene during and after the Middle Ages, do not directly pertain to the evolution of sacred music specifically.