How is frequency defined in relation to sound?

Frequency in relation to sound is defined as the number of oscillations or cycles per second, measured in hertz (Hz). When sound waves are produced, they do so by vibrating at a certain rate; this rate determines the pitch of the sound we hear. Higher frequencies correspond to higher pitches, while lower frequencies correspond to lower pitches.

The other options, while related to aspects of sound, do not accurately define frequency. Amplitude relates to the loudness of the sound, not its pitch. The number of overtones refers to the harmonics present in a sound but does not describe frequency directly. Intensity relates to how loud a sound is, which is a different characteristic than frequency. Understanding frequency is crucial for musicians and educators in teaching concepts of pitch and sound wave behavior.